Title:	‘U R BIAS LOVE:’ USING ‘BLEASURE’ AND ‘MOTIF’ AS FORENSIC LINGUISTIC MEANS TO ANNOTATE TWITTER AND NEWSBLOG COMMENTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF MULTIMEDIA FORENSICS
Author(s):	Jonathan Bishop
ISBN:	978-989-8704-11-5
Editors:	Piet Kommers, Pedro Isaías, Claire Gauzente, Miguel Baptista Nunes, Guo Chao Peng and Mário Macedo
Year:	2014
Edition:	Single
Keywords:	Sexism, harassment, misogyny, misandry, trolling, Twitter
Type:	Full Paper
First Page:	115
Last Page:	122
Language:	English
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Full Contents:	click to dowload
Paper Abstract:	The mass adoption of social media has brought with it the most undesirable aspects of human nature, namely the need to abuse one’s fellow kind for sometimes difficult to understand reasons. There has been severe pressure on law enforcement agencies to respond to this Internet abuse, commonly called Internet trolling. Equally, there has been demands made of social media companies to better police the content on their platforms. There is also the option of civil action for those who have been targeted by the ‘trolls’ who post the abusive comments. This paper suggests understanding UK case law in relation to Internet trolling and cyber-harassment should be done through the prism of the French legal concepts of bleasure (i.e. blessure) and motif. The paper provides a framework for those involved in multimedia forensics to abstract information from identified abusive content (i.e. motifs) to determine whether it would be reasonable to say that such messages harmed a person (i.e. caused a bleasure). Using a corpus linguistics approach, the paper identifies abusive posts made against prominent women public figures on Twitter and newsblogs in the last three years, namely Sally Bercow, Caroline Criado-Perez, Esther McVay and Salma Yaqoob. The paper finds that it is possible to systematically abstract data from social media platforms that both show that an offence has happened (i.e. actus reus, motif), that a person has been harmed (i.e. malum reus, bleasure), and whether it has occurred, or is likely to occur, over a longer period of time (i.e. pertinax reus). This can be done using ‘interface cues’ in the form of authority cues and bandwagon cues, which need to rely on an effective corpus of key terms to be useful.
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